Accidents and incidents not just have impacts on the victim’s mental health, but also on their body. Any kind of injury caused to the mind and body of a person is known as “Personal Injury”. The severity of accident impacts can range from mild scars to severe harms such as bone or skull fractures.
One of the most severe injuries that can be caused to anyone as a result of any accident is brain injury, and it can get extremely difficult experience to deal with. A brain can suffer from various types of injuries, which completely depends on the type and amount of force that creates an impact on the head. Also depending upon the type of injury, it is possible that either only one functional area of the brain is affected or all the areas get affected. What is Brain Injury? Brain injury is a more descriptive term that is used to determine ‘head injury’. In this type of injury, damage is caused to the brain and due to this it results in impairments in cognitive, physical, language and behavioural functioning. The damage can be caused due to several reasons such as, by an external force, inadequate supply of blood, entry of toxic substances in veins connecting to the brain, congenital disorder, degenerative processes, birth trauma, etc. Types of Brain Injury There are several types of injuries that are caused to brain. Here are some of the common brain injuries:
In this injury, the blood vessels in the brain are stretched and the cranial nerves are damaged. Usually, a concussion is caused because of direct blow to the head, violent shaking of head or due to an impact from some external force which generally happens during a whiplash injury. It is also caused due to both open and closed head injuries. An individual who is suffering from this injury may or may not experience brief loss of consciousness, but they might feel a bit dazed. It at least takes few months to few years for concussion to properly heal.
If it is a minor injury, then it can easily heal with the assistance of medications. However, if an individual is suffering from larger contusions, they pose a need to get operated to remove it.
These injuries occur when the force impacted on the head not just greatly causes contusion at the site of impact, but also moves the brain and causes it to slam on the opposite side of the skull, causing additional contusion.
The injury occurs when the unmoving brain lags behind the movement of skull, which causes the structure and nerve tissues of brain to tear. Due to this, the chemicals in the brain are released causing additional injury to the brain. When the structure and nerve tissues of the brain tear, it can produce temporary or permanent damages to the brain or can put you in coma.
However, this term doesn’t include brain injuries which are caused because of inadequate supply of blood, malignancy, congenital disorders, etc. This injury is classified into three types, which are mentioned below:
Often, the endings of nerve that connect the skull to the brain are torn and are completely separated from brain. Typically, these injuries damage the diffuse injury which results into disability that is highly variable.
This type of injury tends to damage the localised areas of brain, resulting into distinct and relatively predictable disabilities to the individual.
ABI is caused by shearing of brain nerve fibre because of trauma or by cell death related to bleeding, swelling or loss of oxygen to the brain. Whether the injury is mild, moderate or severe, it can easily cause cognitive, physical and behavioural dysfunction.
The second traumatic brain injury can occur anytime from days to weeks following the first traumatic brain injury. However, in this injury, loss of consciousness isn’t that common. The injury merely causes swelling in brain and widespread damage. It is essential to get all the medical treatments done, as soon as possible. This is because; due to this injury rapid death can occur to the individual. The long-term effects of second impact syndrome are muscle spasms, rapid changes in emotions, increased tone of muscles, hallucinations and difficulty in learning, as well as thinking.
In this type of injury, the individual is conscious and has the ability to think. However, as they cannot verbally interact with others, they can use vertical eye movements and eye blinking methods to communicate and operate other environmental controls. Symptoms of Brain Injury There are various symptoms that are faced by an individual when they have suffered from a brain injury. Mentioned below are some of them:
When to go to the Doctor? One should immediately go to the doctor, if they have had an injury to the head and:
Diagnoses of Brain Injury If any of the above mentioned symptoms of brain injury are present in an individual, then it is recommended to immediately go to the doctor. There are several ways that a doctor utilises to diagnose a brain injury. The two common methods used to diagnose brain injury are mentioned below:
The scan can produce detailed image of the insides of brain and show if there is any bleeding or swelling in the brain.
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